ABSTRACT
Ovarian cancer, one of the gynecological malignancies, poses a serious threat to women's health. The machine learning combines statistics and computer science. Researchers apply the machine learning to the clinical diagnosis and prognosis research of ovarian cancer. This article reviews the applications of machine learning in ovarian cancers. The results show that the predictive ability of machine learning models is better than traditional statistical models, but further test and verification are needed in prospective large-scale studies.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish emergency disposal procedures of healthcare-associated infection(HAI) in Pudong New Area, evaluate on-site investigation method, identify the key links and risk factors for infection, and timely control HAI outbreak.Methods From January 2012 to December 2014, epidemiological investigation on HAI outbreaks in 65 hospitals in Pudong New Area was performed, emergency plan for disposal procedures of HAI was initiated, the emergency disposal procedures of each event was evaluated by experts.Results There were 6 infection outbreaks occurred in Pudong New Area from January 2012 to December 2014, all were HAI, and no community-associated infection existed simultaneously;6 cases of HAI outbreaks involved 119 persons, the major were hospitalized patients (n=99,83.19%) and care workers (n=16,13.45%);5 outbreaks all detected Norovirus, the main transmission route wasclose contact of nurses with patients during care for patients;the evaluation of each incident revealed that the total score was >90.Conclusion The emergency disposal procedure of HAI suitable for Pudong New Area has been established, the effect is good and proved effective according to the expert evaluation on practical outbreaks.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1) channel protein in human odontoblasts (OD) and nervous tissue of dental pulp.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty intact and healthy third molars extracted for orthodontic purpose were collected. The OD layer and nervous tissue were determined by dentin sialophosphoproteins (DSPP) antibody staining and modified Bielschowsky silver staining respectivelly. The immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of NCX1 protein in human dental pulp tissue. The difference of expression of NCX1 in human OD at different part of dental pulp was statistically analyzed using Image Pro Plus and SPSS software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NCX1 channel protein was mainly expressed on the cell body of OD, and nervous tissue of dental pulp. The expression level of NCX1 on the OD of crown pulp was higher (A = 0.146 ± 0.021) than that on the upper part of root pulp (A = 0.120 ± 0.034), but the expression difference was not significant (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>NCX1 channel protein was expressed on human OD and nervous tissue in dental pulp.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Pulp , Metabolism , Dentin , Chemistry , Molar , Odontoblasts , Metabolism , Sodium-Calcium Exchanger , Metabolism , Tooth CrownABSTRACT
@#In this paper, silymarin nanoemulsions(SM-NE)were prepared based upon PC/Tween 80 system, and adsorption of lactoferrin(LF)absorbed onto the surface of silymarin nanoemulsions via electrostatic interaction resulted in the formation of lactoferrin-modified silybin nanoemulsions(LF-SM-NE). SM-NE and LF-SM-NE were characterized in terms of the shape, diameter, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. In addition, in vivo absorption of SM-NE and LF-SM-NE following oral dosing was investigated by the application of LC-MS/MS in the determination of silymarin in blood sample. The results showed that the saturated adsorption of Lf at the surface of the SM-NE occurred at LF concentration of 0. 15 mg/mL and the incubation time of 4 h. LF-SM-NE were spherical with average particle size of(257±5. 9)nm, zeta potential of -(33. 1±1. 5)mV, entrapment efficiency(96. 9±1. 9)% and drug loading(3. 90±0. 12)%. Compared with those of SM-NE, LF-SM-NE significantly increased drug levels of LF in rats were observed after dosing of LF-SM-NE, and both of cmax and AUC were increased by approximately 2-fold. In summary, LF-SM-NE could improve oral drug absorption of LF in rats. The approach of enhancement in oral absorption of the nanoemulsions shows a promise for the application.
ABSTRACT
Lactoferrin (Lf) is one of the food protein belonged to the innate immune system. Apart from its main biological function of binding and transport of iron ions, lactoferrin also has many other functions and properties such as antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic, catalytic, anti-cancer, anti-allergic and radioprotecting. Lf is usually used as additives of food and cosmetics. The research of lactoferrin has been increasingly reported, and the application of lactoferrin as a drug carrier has drawn extensive attention over the recent year. In this paper, researches of lactoferrin as drug carriers are classified and summarized in brain targeting, liver tumor targeting, lung tumor targeting and oral delivery systems according to their different characteristics.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop HCPT liposome with small diameter and to study the tissue distribution of the HCPT liposome in rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Modified solvent-injection method was used to prepare HCPT liposome. The entrapment efficiency, morphology, size and zeta potential were also investigated. The transformation temperature and the ratio of cholesterol to phospholipids were determined by fluorescence spectrophotometry. HCPT liposome and HCPT injection (5 mg x kg(-1)) were injected by tail vein in mice, respectively. The tissue concentrations of HCPT were determined by LC-MS/MS.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Under selected process conditions, the HCPT liposomes were spherical and integrated with the mean entrapment efficiency of (96.83 +/- 2.32)%, the size of (180.5 +/- 4.5) nm and the zeta potential of--(32.1 +/- 1.3) mV. It showed that the optimum proportion of cholesterol to phospholipids was 1.5: 10, the optimum transformation temperature was 32.5 degrees C; HCPT liposome at a dose of 5 mg x kg(-1) led to higher concentration and longer duration of action compared with HCPT injection on market.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HCPT liposome prepared by solvent-injection method was characteristic of small mean diameter, high encapsulation efficiency and long circulation in vivo.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Camptothecin , Pharmacokinetics , Liposomes , Particle Size , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Tissue DistributionABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the chemical properties of superficial cardiac neurons. Methods By means of immunohistochemical ABC technique,the study was performed concerning the distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) and substance P(SP) in the canine main cardiac superficial plexus. Results CGRP-immunoreactive(IR) neurons were found in every plexus,but SP-IR neurons could be observed only in dorsal atria plexus(DAP),inter atria plexus(IAP) and aorta-pulmonary plexus(A-PP).The shape and size of CGRP-IR and SP-IR neurons were similar.The comparative study on atria and ventricles indicated that CGRP-IR and SP-IR neurons in atria were more than those in ventricles.Numerous CGRP-IR,SP-IR nerve fibers could be observed in each fat pats and intermyocardiocytes.These nerve fibers were usually situated near blood vessels,or were attached to vessel wall.Somewhat CGRP-IR and SP-IR nerve fibers were connected with myocardiocytes in some regions.Conclusion The results indicated that actually existed two peptides in canine cardiac superficial plexus.These implied that the regulations of the two kinds of peptidergic neurons to atria and ventricle were different.The two kinds of neurons mentioned above were likely to perform different or similar functions in canine heart.CGRP and SP could possibly modulate the activities of myocardiocytes and vessels of heart directly.